Android Legacy APIs

Direct Deep Linking

Overview

Direct deep linking directs mobile users into a specific activity or content in an app, when the app is already installed.

This in-app routing to a specific activity in the app is possible due to the parameters passed to the app when the OS opens the app and the onAppOpenAttribution method is called. AppsFlyer's OneLink ensures that the correct value is passed along with the user's click, thus personalizing the user’s app experience.

The direct deep linking flow works as follows:

Direct Deep Linking flow

User clicks the OneLink short URL.
Android launches the app based on the relevant activity in the AndroidManifest.xml.
AppsFlyer SDK is triggered in the app.
AppsFlyer SDK retrieves the OneLink data.
- In a short URL, the data is retrieved from the short URL resolver API in AppsFlyer's servers.
- In a long URL, the data is retrieved directly from the long URL.
AppsFlyer SDK triggers onAppOpenAttribution() with the retrieved parameters and cached attribution parameters (e.g. install_time).
Asynchronously, onConversionDataSuccess() is called, holding the full cached attribution data. (You can exit this function by checking if is_first_launch is true.)
onAppOpenAttribution() uses the attributionData map to dispatch other activities in the app and pass relevant data.
- This creates the personalized experience for the user, which is the main goal of OneLink.

Procedures

To implement the onAppOpenAttribution method and set up the parameter behaviors, the following action checklist of procedures must be completed.

Procedure checklist

Deciding app behavior and deep_link_value (and other parameter names and values) - with the marketer
Planning method input, i.e. deep_link_value (and other parameter names and values) - with the marketer
Implementing the onAppOpenAttribution() logic
Implementing the onAttributionFailure() logic

Deciding app behavior

To decide what the app behavior is when the link is clicked:

Get from the marketer: The expected behavior of the link when it is clicked.

Planning method input

When a OneLink is clicked and the user has the app installed on their device, the onAppOpenAttribution method is called by the AppsFlyer SDK. This is referred to as a retargeting re-engagement.

The onAppOpenAttribution method gets variables as an input like this: Map <String, String>.
The input data structure is described here.

Implementing onAppOpenAttribution() logic

The deep link opens the onAppOpenAttribution method in the main activity. The OneLink parameters in the method input are used to implement the specific user experience when the application is opened.

Code Example:

@Override
  public void onAppOpenAttribution(Map<String, String> attributionData) {
  if (!attributionData.containsKey("is_first_launch"))
    Log.d(LOG_TAG, "onAppOpenAttribution: This is NOT deferred deep linking");
  for (String attrName : attributionData.keySet()) {
    String deepLinkAttrStr = attrName + " = " + attributionData.get(attrName);
    Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Deeplink attribute: " + deepLinkAttrStr);
  }
  Log.d(LOG_TAG, "onAppOpenAttribution: Deep linking into " + attributionData.get("deep_link_value"));
  goToFruit(attributionData.get("deep_link_value"), attributionData);
}

@Override
  public void onAttributionFailure(String errorMessage) {
  Log.d(LOG_TAG, "error onAttributionFailure : " + errorMessage);
}

private void goToFruit(String fruitName, Map<String, String> dlData) {
    String fruitClassName = fruitName.concat("Activity");
    try {
        Class fruitClass = Class.forName(this.getPackageName().concat(".").concat(fruitClassName));
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Looking for class " + fruitClass);
        Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), fruitClass);
        if (dlData != null) {
            // Map is casted HashMap since it is easier to pass serializable data to an intent
            HashMap<String, String> copy = new HashMap<String, String>(dlData);
            intent.putExtra(DL_ATTRS, copy);
        }
        startActivity(intent);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Deep linking failed looking for " + fruitName);
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

⇲ Github links: Java

ℹ️
Note
onAppOpenAttribution is not called when the app is running in the background and Application LaunchMode is not standard.
To correct this, call setIntent(intent) method to set the intent value inside the overridden method onNewIntent if the application is using a non-standard LaunchMode.
import android.content.Intent;
 ...
 ...
 ...
 @Override
 protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) 
 { 
   super.onNewIntent(intent);     
   setIntent(intent);
 }

Implementing onAttributionFailure() logic

The onAttributionFailure method is called whenever the call to onAppOpenAttribution fails. The function should report the error and create an expected experience for the user.

@Override
public void onAttributionFailure(String errorMessage) {
    Log.d(LOG_TAG, "error onAttributionFailure : " + errorMessage);
}

⇲ Github links: Java

Deferred Deep Linking

Overview

Deferred deep linking directs new users first to the correct app store to install the app, and then, after the first open, to a specific app experience (for example a specific page in the app).

When the user first launches the app, the onConversionDataSuccess callback function receives both the conversion data of the new user, and OneLink data. The OneLink data makes in-app routing possible due to the deep_link_value or other that is passed to the app when the OS opens the app.

Only the deep_link_value is required for deep linking. However, other parameters and values (such as custom attribution parameters) can also be added to the link and returned by the SDK as deep linking data. The AppsFlyer OneLink ensures that the correct parameters are passed along with the user's click, thus personalizing the user’s app experience.

The marketer and developer must coordinate regarding desired app behavior and deep_link_value. The marketer uses the parameters to create deep links, and the developer customizes the behavior of the app based on the value received.

It is the developer's responsibility to make sure the parameters are handled correctly in the app, for both in-app routing, and personalizing data in the link.

The deferred deep linking flow works as follows:
Deferred Deep Linking flow!

User clicks the OneLink on a device on which the app is not installed.
AppsFlyer registers the click and redirects the user to the correct app store or landing page.
The user installs the application and launches it.
AppsFlyer SDK is initialized and the install is attributed in the AppsFlyer servers.
The SDK triggers the onConversionDataSuccess method. The function receives input that includes both the deep_link_value, and the attribution data/parameters defined in the OneLink data.
The parameter is_first_launch has the value true, which signals the deferred deep link flow.
The developer uses the data received in the onConversionDataSuccess function to create a personalized experience for the user for the application’s first launch.

Procedures

To implement the onConversionDataSuccess method and set up the parameter behaviors, the following action checklist of procedures need to be completed.

Deciding app behavior on first launch, and deep_link_value (and other parameter names and values) - with the marketer
Planning method input, i.e. deep_link_value (and other parameter names and values) - with the marketer
Implementing the onConversionDataSuccess() logic
Implementing the onConversionDataFail() logic

Deciding app behavior on first launch

To decide app behavior on first launch:

Get from the marketer: The expected behavior of the link when it is clicked and the app opens for the first time.

Planning method input

For deferred deep linking, the onConversionDataSuccess method input must be planned and the input decided in the previous section (for deep linking) is made relevant for the first time the app is launched.

The onConversionDataSuccess method gets the deep_link_value and other variables as an input like this: Map <String, Object>.

The map holds two kinds of data:

Attribution data
Data defined by the marketer in the link (deep_link_value and other parameters and values)
Other parameters can be either:
- AppsFlyer official parameters.
- Custom parameters and values chosen by the marketer and developer.
- The input data structure is described here.

The marketer and developers need to plan the deep_link_value (and other possible parameters and values) together based on the desired app behavior when the link is clicked.

To plan the deep_link_value, and other parameter names and values based on the expected link behavior:

Tell the marketer what parameters and values are needed in order to implement the desired app behavior.
Decide on naming conventions for the deep_link_value and other parameters and values.
Note:
- Custom parameters will not appear in raw data collected in AppsFlyer.
- Conversion data will not return a custom parameter named "name, " with a lowercase "n".

Implementing onConversionDataSuccess() logic

When the app is opened for the first time, the onConversionDataSuccess method is triggered in the main activity. The deep_link_value and other parameters in the method input are used to implement the specific user experience when the app is first launched.

To implement the logic:

Implement the logic based on the chosen parameters and values. See the following code example.
Once completed, send confirmation to the marketer that the app behaves accordingly.

Sample code

@Override
 public void onConversionDataSuccess(Map<String, Object> conversionData) {
     for (String attrName : conversionData.keySet())
         Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Conversion attribute: " + attrName + " = " + conversionData.get(attrName));
     String status = Objects.requireNonNull(conversionData.get("af_status")).toString();
     if(status.equals("Non-organic")){
         if( Objects.requireNonNull(conversionData.get("is_first_launch")).toString().equals("true")){
             Log.d(LOG_TAG,"Conversion: First Launch");
             if (conversionData.containsKey("deep_link_value")){
                 Log.d(LOG_TAG,"Conversion: This is deferred deep linking.");
                 //  TODO SDK in future versions - match the input types
                 Map<String,String> newMap = new HashMap<>();
                 for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : conversionData.entrySet()) {
                         newMap.put(entry.getKey(), String.valueOf(entry.getValue()));
                 }
                 onAppOpenAttribution(newMap);
             }
         } else {
             Log.d(LOG_TAG,"Conversion: Not First Launch");
         }
     } else {
         Log.d(LOG_TAG,"Conversion: This is an organic install.");
     }
 }

⇲ Github links: Java

Implementing onConversionDataFailure() logic

The onConversionDataFailure method is called whenever the call to onConversionDataSuccess fails. The function should report the error and create an expected experience for the user.

To implement the onConversionDataFailure method:

@Override
public void onConversionDataFail(String errorMessage) {
    Log.d(LOG_TAG, "error getting conversion data: " + errorMessage);
}

⇲ Github links: Java

Android sample payloads

See the following sample payloads for App Links, URI schemes, and deferred deep linking. The samples contain a full payload, relevant for when all parameters in the Onelink custom link setup page contain data.

Note: Payloads return as a map. However, for clarity, the sample payloads that follow are displayed in JSON form.

Android App Links

Input to onAppOpenAttribution(Map<String, String> attributionData)

{
    "af_dp": "afbasicapp://mainactivity",
    "af_ios_url": "https://isitchristmas.com/",
    "fruit_name": "apples",
    "c": "fruit_of_the_month",
    "media_source": "Email",
    "link": "https://onelink-basic-app.onelink.me/H5hv/6d66214a",
    "pid": "Email",
    "af_cost_currency": "USD",
    "af_sub1": "my_sub1",
    "af_click_lookback": "20d",
    "af_adset": "my_adset",
    "af_android_url": "https://isitchristmas.com/",
    "af_sub2": "my_sub2",
    "fruit_amount": 26,
    "af_cost_value": 6,
    "campaign": "fruit_of_the_month",
    "af_channel": "my_channel",
    "af_ad": "my_adname",
    "is_retargeting": "true"
}

{
    "af_dp": "afbasicapp://mainactivity",
    "install_time": "2020-08-06 06:56:02",
    "fruit_name": "apples",
    "af_ios_url": "https://my_ios_lp.com",
    "media_source": "Email",
    "scheme": "https",
    "link": "https://onelink-basic-app.onelink.me/H5hv?pid=Email&c=fruit_of_the_month&af_channel=my_channel&af_adset=my_adset&af_ad=my_adname&af_sub1=my_sub1&af_sub2=my_sub2&fruit_name=apples&fruit_amount=16&af_cost_currency=USD&af_cost_value=6&af_click_lookback=20d&af_dp=afbasicapp%3A%2F%2Fmainactivity&af_ios_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy_ios_lp.com&af_android_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy_android_lp.com",
    "af_cost_currency": "USD",
    "af_sub1": "my_sub1",
    "af_click_lookback": "20d",
    "path": "/H5hv",
    "af_adset": "my_adset",
    "af_android_url": "https://my_android_lp.com",
    "af_sub2": "my_sub2",
    "fruit_amount": 16,
    "af_cost_value": 6,
    "host": "onelink-basic-app.onelink.me",
    "campaign": "fruit_of_the_month",
    "af_channel": "my_channel",
    "af_ad": "my_adname"
}

URI schemes

Input to onAppOpenAttribution(Map<String, String> attributionData)

{
    "scheme": "afbasicapp",
    "link": "afbasicapp://mainactivity?af_ad=my_adname&af_adset=my_adset&af_android_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy_android_lp.com&af_channel=my_channel&af_click_lookback=25d&af_cost_currency=NZD&af_cost_value=5&af_deeplink=true&af_dp=afbasicapp%3A%2F%2Fmainactivity&af_force_deeplink=true&af_ios_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy_ios_lp.com&af_sub1=my_sub1&af_sub2=my_sub2&af_web_id=367f81fb-59a4-446a-ac6c-a68d2ee9447c-p&campaign=my_campaign&fruit_amount=15&fruit_name=apples&is_retargeting=true&media_source=Email&shortlink=9270d092",
    "af_cost_currency": "NZD",
    "af_click_lookback": "25d",
    "af_deeplink": true,
    "path": "",
    "af_android_url": "https://my_android_lp.com",
    "af_force_deeplink": true,
    "fruit_amount": 15,
    "host": "mainactivity",
    "af_channel": "my_channel",
    "shortlink": "9270d092",
    "af_dp": "afbasicapp://mainactivity",
    "install_time": "2020-08-06 06:56:02",
    "af_ios_url": "https://my_ios_lp.com",
    "fruit_name": "apples",
    "af_web_id": "367f81fb-59a4-446a-ac6c-a68d2ee9447c-p",
    "media_source": "Email",
    "af_status": "Non-organic",
    "af_sub1": "my_sub1",
    "af_adset": "my_adset",
    "af_sub2": "my_sub2",
    "af_cost_value": 5,
    "campaign": "my_campaign",
    "af_ad": "my_adname",
    "is_retargeting": true
}

{
    "af_dp": "afbasicapp://mainactivity",
    "install_time": "2020-08-06 06:56:02",
    "af_ios_url": "https://my_ios_lp.com",
    "fruit_name": "apples",
    "af_web_id": "367f81fb-59a4-446a-ac6c-a68d2ee9447c-p",
    "scheme": "afbasicapp",
    "media_source": "Email",
    "link": "afbasicapp://mainactivity?af_ad=my_adname&af_adset=my_adset&af_android_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy_android_lp.com&af_channel=my_channel&af_click_lookback=25d&af_cost_currency=NZD&af_cost_value=5&af_deeplink=true&af_dp=afbasicapp%3A%2F%2Fmainactivity&af_ios_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy_ios_lp.com&af_sub1=my_sub1&af_sub2=my_sub2&af_web_id=367f81fb-59a4-446a-ac6c-a68d2ee9447c-p&campaign=my_campaign&fruit_amount=15&fruit_name=apples&is_retargeting=true&media_source=Email",
    "af_cost_currency": "NZD",
    "af_status": "Non-organic",
    "af_click_lookback": "25d",
    "af_sub1": "my_sub1",
    "af_deeplink": true,
    "path": "",
    "af_android_url": "https://my_android_lp.com",
    "af_adset": "my_adset",
    "fruit_amount": 15,
    "af_sub2": "my_sub2",
    "host": "mainactivity",
    "af_cost_value": 5,
    "campaign": "my_campaign",
    "af_channel": "my_channel",
    "af_ad": "my_adname",
    "is_retargeting": true
}

Deferred deep linking

Input to onConversionDataSuccess(Map<String, Object> conversionData)

{
    "redirect_response_data": null,
    "adgroup_id": null,
    "engmnt_source": null,
    "retargeting_conversion_type": "none",
    "orig_cost": 6.0,
    "af_cost_currency": "USD",
    "is_first_launch": true,
    "af_click_lookback": "20d",
    "af_cpi": null,
    "iscache": true,
    "click_time": "2020-08-12 16:04:50.605",
    "af_android_url": "https://isitchristmas.com/",
    "fruit_amount": 26,
    "is_branded_link": null,
    "match_type": "probabilistic",
    "adset": null,
    "af_channel": "my_channel",
    "campaign_id": null,
    "shortlink": "6d66214a",
    "af_dp": "afbasicapp://mainactivity",
    "install_time": "2020-08-12 16:05:33.750",
    "af_ios_url": "https://isitchristmas.com/",
    "fruit_name": "apples",
    "media_source": "Email",
    "agency": null,
    "af_siteid": null,
    "af_status": "Non-organic",
    "af_sub1": "my_sub1",
    "cost_cents_USD": 600,
    "af_sub5": null,
    "af_adset": "my_adset",
    "af_sub4": null,
    "af_sub3": null,
    "af_sub2": "my_sub2",
    "adset_id": null,
    "esp_name": null,
    "af_cost_value": 6,
    "campaign": "fruit_of_the_month",
    "http_referrer": "android-app://com.slack/",
    "af_ad": "my_adname",
    "is_universal_link": null,
    "is_retargeting": true,
    "adgroup": null
}

Direct Deep Linking

Overview

Procedures

Procedure checklist

Deciding app behavior

Planning method input

Implementing onAppOpenAttribution() logic

Code Example:

ℹ️Note

Implementing onAttributionFailure() logic

Deferred Deep Linking

Overview

Procedures

Deciding app behavior on first launch

Planning method input

Implementing onConversionDataSuccess() logic

Sample code

Implementing onConversionDataFailure() logic

Android sample payloads

Android App Links

URI schemes

Deferred deep linking

ℹ️
Note